New Energy Vehicle Motor Development Trends

Ⅰ. The development of new energy vehicle motors from

The development of the automobile began in 1769 when the Frenchman Günew built the prototype of the world's first steam tricycle. With the outbreak of the first industrial revolution, the steam engine was widely used as a power source, and the steam automobile was developed to a considerable extent. However, the large size of the steam engine limited its further application in automobiles. The automobile demanded a lightweight power unit with a higher power-to-volume ratio and power-to-weight ratio. In the middle of the 19th century, Scientists designed the internal combustion engine, which laid the foundation for the development of the automobile. In 1885, German engineer Karl Benz made the world's first internal combustion engine automobile, and from then on, automobiles entered the era of the internal combustion engine, which has continued to the present day. Today's automobiles still use fossil fuels as their main form of energy. Therefore, the introduction of new automobile technology can not completely avoid the pollution of the environment in the process of automobile use, so at present, green and clean new energy gradually become the first choice of automobiles. Among them, electric vehicles, as an important direction for new energy vehicles, are gradually accepted by consumers worldwide.

From the above process of automobile development can be seen, that the development of automobiles is accompanied by the human use of energy to obtain power way of upgrading, and electrical energy as a clean and efficient energy will gradually become the main source of automobile power, the motor is to build in the bridge between electricity and power.

Ⅱ. The development of new energy vehicle motor types

An electric motor is a device that converts electrical energy into mechanical energy. It is based on the principle of the magnetic effect of electric current and utilizes a rotating magnetic field generated by an energized coil, which acts on the rotor to create a rotating torque. Since the invention of the first electric motor by Ferrari, there have been various changes in the form of electric motors to cope with different functional requirements.

1、New energy vehicle motor--AC motor

AC motors are limited by their own speed and turnover rate, poor speed regulation, and cannot provide continuous power supply for the on-board battery in the vehicle environment, so most motors used in new energy vehicles are DC motors.

2、New Energy Vehicle Motor--DC Motor

DC motors for new energy vehicles are divided into brushed DC motors, brushless DC motors, and permanent magnet synchronous motors.

In brushed DC motors in practical use, the motor rotation when the commutator piece and brush junction contact, the formation of current to produce a regular magnetic field, drives the motor's continuous rotation. However, due to the brush and commutator being in a friction state, the brush wears fast, commutator spark also limits the motor's high-speed operation and low reliability. Therefore, with the development of science and technology brushless motor came into being, a brushless motor with an electronic commutator instead of a mechanical commutator, so a brushless DC motor has a good speed performance structure is simple, no commutation spark, reliable operation, and easy maintenance.

A permanent magnet synchronous motor is very similar to a brushless DC motor, only the coil winding is different. Permanent magnet synchronous motors are widely used as drive motors for new energy vehicles because of their high control accuracy, high torque density, good torque smoothness, and low noise.